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Quantitative analysis of impact of green stormwater infrastructures on combined sewer overflow control and urbanflooding control

Jinsong Tao, Zijian Li, Xinlai Peng, Gaoxiang Ying

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0952-4

摘要： Stimulated by the recent USEPA’s green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) guidance and policies, GSI systems have been widely implemented in the municipal area to control the combined sewer overflows (CSOs), also known as low impact development (LID) approaches. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control, USEPA-Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) model was adopted in this study to simulate the behaviors of GSI systems in a well-developed urban drainage area, PSW45, under different circumstances. The impact of different percentages of stormwater runoff transported from impervious surfaces to the GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control has also been investigated. Results show that with current buildup, GSI systems in PSW45 have the best performance for low intensity and short duration events on both volume and peak flow reductions, and have the worst performance for high intensity and long duration events. Since the low intensity and short duration events are dominant from a long-term perspective, utilizing GSI systems is considered as an effective measure of CSO control to meet the long-term control strategy for PSW45 watershed. However, GSI systems are not suitable for the flooding control purpose in PSW45 due to the high occurrence possibility of urban flooding during or after high intensity events where GSI systems have relatively poor performance no matter for a short or long duration event.

关键词： Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) Urban flooding Low impact development (LID) Stormwater Management Model (SWMM)

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延长油田长6油藏注水开发及水驱前缘微地震监测应用

郝世彦,王永东

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 8-11

摘要：

论述了延长油田长6井组的转注原因及注水前缘微地震监测。延长油田子长采油厂4237井组的注水前缘优势方向为北东东向，受到原地应力场方向影响强烈。研究表明，注采井网的布局应该同时参考原地应力场方向及原有裂缝方向。依据监测结果，油水井布置方向是正确的，应该缩短沿北北西方向的油、水井距，以提高注水见效程度。

关键词：延长油田注水开发微地震监测水驱前缘

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coagulation-hydrolysis acidification-dynamic membrane bioreactor system for treatment of oilfield polymer-flooding

Xue Shen, Lei Lu, Baoyu Gao, Xing Xu, Qinyan Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1093-8

摘要：

• We created a combined system for treating oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater.

• The system was composed of coagulation, hydrolysis acidification and DMBR.

• Coagulant integrated with demulsifier dominated the removal of crude oil.

• The DMBR proceed efficiently without serious membrane fouling.

关键词： Coagulation Hydrolysis acidification Dynamic membrane bioreactor Polymer flooding

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基于图像的深度学习降雨强度估计方法 Article

尹航, 郑飞飞, 段焕丰, Dragan Savic, Zoran Kapelan

《工程（英文）》 2023年第21卷第2期页码 162-174 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.021

摘要：

城市洪水是世界性的重大问题，造成巨大的经济损失，严重威胁公共安全。减轻其影响的一种有希望的方法是开发实时洪水风险管理系统；然而，由于缺乏高时空降雨数据，构建这样一个系统通常具有挑战性。虽然一些方法（即地面降雨站或雷达和卫星技术）可用于测量和（或）预测降雨强度，但使用这些方法很难获得具有理想时空分辨率的准确降雨数据。本文提出了一种基于图像的深度学习模型来估计具有高时空分辨率的城市降雨强度。进一步来说，一种称为基于图像的降雨卷积神经网络（image-based rainfall convolutional neural network, irCNN）模型是使用从现有密集传感器（即智能手机或交通摄像头）收集的降雨图像及其相应的测量降雨强度值开发的。随后使用经过训练的irCNN 模型根据传感器的降雨图像有效地估计降雨强度。分别利用合成降雨数据和真实降雨图像来探索irCNN 在理论和实际模拟降雨强度方面的准确性。结果表明，irCNN 模型提供的降雨量估计值的平均绝对百分比误差在13.5%~21.9%之间，超过了文献中其他最先进的建模技术的性能。更重要的是，所提出的irCNN 的主要特点是它在有效获取高时空城市降雨数据方面成本较低。irCNN 模型为估算城市降雨强度提供了一种有前景的替代方案，可以极大地促进城市实时洪水风险管理的发展。

关键词：城市洪水降雨图像深度学习模型卷积神经网络（CNN）降雨强度

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海上油田聚合物驱配套技术研究

刘宗昭,刘福海,易飞,黄波,孙艳萍,王成胜,刘敏

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第5期页码 50-52

摘要：

2002—2010年，经过8年攻关，研究建立了新型耐温、抗盐聚合物室内筛选及评价技术，海上油田聚合物驱开发方案设计和开发指标评价技术，适用于海上平台作业的注聚装备及工艺技术，分段防砂条件下大排量聚合物分段注入技术等10项聚合物驱配套技术，在渤海油田获得推广应用，取得了明显的增油降水效果。渤海油田聚合物驱矿场试验的成功实践证明：聚合物驱配套技术研究与建立是聚合物驱成功实施的基础，为海上油田高效开发做出了重大贡献。

关键词：海上油田聚合物驱配套技术提高采收率

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特高含水期分层段周期注采技术研究与实践认识

姜振海

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 77-82

摘要：

针对萨北开发区油层沉积特点及特高含水期剩余油分布特点，以水动力学原理为指导，在已有周期注水实践经验的基础上，结合数值模拟进行机理研究，优化周期注采方式及各项参数，引入了分层段交叉注采改变液流方向改善开发效果的做法，在实践中取得了较好的效果。

关键词：周期注水周期采油方式优化参数优选

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利用注水前缘监测技术跟踪水推速度

杨志冬,周金燕,常智勇,张金荣,韩铭毅

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 31-33

摘要：

讨论了红032井区注水前缘分布及微地震监测结果。结果表明，微地震注水前缘监测结果与油田地质数值模拟结果、地震波幅分布结果一致。由微地震监测结果可以确定注入水推进位置，为油田注水方案调整、改进注采措施、提高注水效率提供依据。

关键词：注水前缘监测优势流动方向注水调控

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Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 418-430 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0075-5

摘要： China’s mega urban regions are focal points of economic development and environmental concerns. This paper positions four mega urban regions (i.e., the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Bohai Bay Area, and the South-eastern Fujian Province) along China’s coast into the national economy and elaborates their development challenges and planning innovations. Mega urban regions in China are spatial consequences of rapid economic transition. They deserve close scrutiny and demands for innovative planning responses in order to maintain their key role in driving economic growth but limiting their greenhouse gas emission.

关键词： climate change mega urban region urban planning

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Treatability aspects of urban stormwater stressors

Anthony N. TAFURI, Richard FIELD

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 631-637 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0420-0

摘要： Pollution from diffuse sources (pollution from contaminants picked up and carried into surface waters by stormwater runoff) has been identified as a significant source of water quality problems in the U.S. scientists and engineers continue to seek solutions that will allow them to optimize existing technologies and develop new ones that will provide the best possible protection to people, wildlife, and the environment. This paper addresses the various pollutants or stressors in urban stormwater, including flow (shear force), pathogens, suspended solids/sediment, toxicants (organic and metals), nutrients, oxygen demanding substances, and coarse solids. A broad overview of the pollutants removed and the removal mechanisms by and of conventional best management practices (BMPs) is also presented. The principal treatment mechanisms of conventional wet ponds, vegetative swales/buffer strips, and wetlands are sedimentation and filtration. These mechanisms have the capability to remove significant amounts of suspended solids or particulate matter and are a vital component of strategies to reduce pollutant loads to receiving waters. In addition, because most of the nation’s receiving water violations are caused by pathogen indicator bacteria, it is of utmost importance that research efforts address this problem. Further research is also needed on the treatment of emerging contaminants in BMPs and on the costs and affects of maintenance and maintenance schedules on the long-term performance of BMPs.

关键词： stormwater wet weather flow urban runoff

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ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第3期页码 445-456 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021429

摘要：

● Patterns and effects of N deposition on urban forests are reviewed.

关键词： biodiversity carbon sequestration nitrogen deposition nutrient imbalance soil acidification urban forest

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非均质储层CO₂泡沫调驱注入参数优化实验研究

赵金省,谭俊领,古正富,刘笑春

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 88-93

摘要：

针对华庆长6储层地层水的特点，以综合起泡能力为评价指标，对常用的6种起泡剂进行了优选，优选出ZY-1型起泡剂，起泡剂浓度为0.5 %，稳泡剂浓度为764 mg/L。在此基础上，采用渗透率级差接近的两组并联岩心，进行了注入方式和注入段塞组合的优化实验。结果表明，地下起泡方式，即CO2和起泡剂交替注入的方式可以在高渗透层中形成较高的封堵压差，具有较好的驱油效果。最优的段塞组合是0.2倍孔隙体积的起泡剂+0.4倍孔隙体积的CO2气体，总注入段塞是0.6倍孔隙体积。

关键词：非均质储层 CO₂泡沫调驱注入参数实验研究

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海上稠油聚合物驱关键技术研究与矿场试验

张凤久,姜伟,孙福街,周守为

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第5期页码 28-33

摘要：

在深入分析海上稠油聚合物驱提高采收率的难点与挑战的基础上，通过近10年的攻关和矿场试验，研制出适合海上稠油油藏条件的驱替液技术、平台聚合物配注技术、海上稠油含聚采出液处理技术及早期注聚效果评价等一系列技术，初步形成了海上油田聚合物驱油技术体系，并在渤海绥中36-1、旅大10-1及锦州9-3等3个油田进行了不同规模的现场试验，取得了明显的增油降水效果。证明了聚合物驱提高采收率技术在海上稠油油田应用的技术可行性和经济有效性，为海上油田高效开发探索出了一条崭新的道路，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：海上油田稠油聚合物驱驱替液聚合物溶液配制采出液驱油效果

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A survey of physical activity among urban women in China

Shilin DENG MD, Tongyuan LIU,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 463-469 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0081-y

摘要： Few studies have been conducted to assess the level of physical activity (PA) of women in China. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of PA among women in Wuhan and explore sociodemographic and behavioral correlation to PA for the population. A total of 1359 community-dwelling women (42.9713.60 years old) participated in this study. The long-version IPAQ was used to define the level of PA. 45.7% of women were considered physically active, and 27.5% were vigorously active. The proportion of physical inactivity was around 26.8%. The total and 4 domains of PA showed significant age, education level, and occupation variation. PA tended to be lower as the age declined. PA in transportation, housework, leisure time, and the total tended to be the lowest or the second lowest among the women aged 18–35 years old. PA tended to be lower as the level of education increased. Among the 5 indices, PAwas the lowest among women with college education, especially those with postgraduate education. PA tended to be the lowest among the women of office staff and instructor or technician. Generally, the total and 4 domains of PA showed significant age, education level, and occupation variation. Physical inactivity appears to be more common among younger women, or college-educated women, office ladies, and female instructor and technicians.

关键词： physical activity urban women China

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Green Innovation for Urban Traffic

Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 35-38 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015016

摘要： With the development of economy, the issue of urban traffic is becoming highlighted, the pollution of the urban traffic has become one of the main factors to influence environment. It faces the broader problem of achieving sustainable development of urban transportation at present. The current situation of urban traffic is analyzed through studying the existing articles at home and abroad in this paper; the problems such as green innovation of urban traffic are elaborated. In addition, this paper puts forward the relevant measures to promote the development of green innovation of the urban traffic.

关键词： urban traffic green innovation green transportation sustainable development

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Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows for a large-scale urban rail transit system

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 250-261 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0180-2

摘要： Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows is an important approach in evaluating and optimizing the operation efficiency of large-scale urban rail transit (URT) systems. This study proposes a passenger–train interaction simulation approach to determine the coupling relationship between passenger and train flows. On the bases of time-varying origin–destination demand, train timetable, and network topology, the proposed approach can restore passenger behaviors in URT systems. Upstream priority, queuing process with first-in-first-serve principle, and capacity constraints are considered in the proposed simulation mechanism. This approach can also obtain each passenger’s complete travel chain, which can be used to analyze (including but not limited to) various indicators discussed in this research to effectively support train schedule optimization and capacity evaluation for urban rail managers. Lastly, the proposed model and its potential application are demonstrated via numerical experiments using real-world data from the Beijing URT system (i.e., rail network with the world’s highest passenger ridership).

关键词： urban rail transit coupling analysis passenger–train interaction large-scale simulation